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Title IX
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (Title IX) is a federal civil rights law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in federally funded educational programs and activities. Under Title IX, sexual assault and sexual harassment are forms of discrimination on the basis of sex. The Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights, which enforces Title IX, has recently provided detailed guidance on how educational institutions like 桃色视频must respond to complaints of Title IX Sexual Harassment. Learn more on the .
The Clery Act
The Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act (the Clery Act) is a federal law and accompanying regulations that require colleges and universities to disclose certain timely and annual information about campus crime, and security and safety policies. Compliance with the Clery Act is a condition for universities, like Northwestern, that participate in the federal student aid program, and is administered by the U.S. Department of Education’s Federal Student Aid Office. As a part of its Clery program, 桃色视频 collects and publishes statistical information on crimes occurring on and around campus, as well as relevant crime and safety information, in its annual crime and safety report.
The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)
The federal Violence Against Women Act amendments and accompanying regulations (VAWA) clarify the duties of universities to investigate and respond to reports of sexual assault, stalking, and dating and domestic violence, and to publish policies and procedures related to the handling of these cases. Under VAWA, universities also must provide training to the campus communities on sexual misconduct. Compliance with VAWA is a condition for universities, like Northwestern, that participate in the federal student aid program, and is administered by the Department of Education’s Federal Student Aid Office. New VAWA regulations were published by the U.S. Department of Education in October 2014 and became effective July 1, 2105.
Illinois Preventing Sexual Violence in Higher Education Act
Illinois Criminal Code
Consent: 720 ILCS 5/11-1.70
Domestic violence: 750 ILCS 60/103
Dating violence: Included under domestic violence. See above.
Criminal sexual assault: 720 ILCS 5/11-1.20
Criminal sexual abuse: 720 ILCS 5/11-1.50
Aggravated criminal sexual assault: 720 ILCS 5/11-1.30
Aggravated criminal sexual abuse: 720 ILCS 5/11-1.60
Stalking: 720 ILCS 5/12-7.3
You can read the Illinois criminal code on the .
California Criminal Code
Consent: PEN 261 (a) 1-7 PC
Lack of consent is described rather than explicitly stated, except in the case of physical or development disability.
Domestic violence: PEN 273.5 (a) PC
Dating violence: Included under domestic violence. See above.
Sexual assault (defined as “sexual battery”): PEN 243.4 PC; PEN 220 PC
Stalking: PEN 646.9 PC
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Florida Criminal Code
Consent (defined within sexual battery statute): FS 794.011 (a)
Domestic violence: FS 41.28
Dating violence: FS 784.046
Sexual assault (defined as “sexual battery”): FS 794.011 (h)
Stalking: FS 784.048
Retaliation: FS 914.23
Washington, DC Criminal Code
Consent: DC Code 22-3001 (4)
Domestic violence (defined as “intimate partner violence”): DC Code 16- 1001 (7)
Dating violence: Included under “intimate partner violence.” See above.
Sexual assault (defined as “sexual abuse”): DC Code 22-3002, 3003, 3004, 3005, 3006
Stalking: DC Code 22-3133
Illinois Gender Violence Act
Under this Act, a person who has been subjected to gender-related violence may bring a civil action for damages, injunctive relief, or other appropriate relief against a person or persons perpetrating that gender-related violence. You can read more about this act on the